Author(s): Adam Arnett, Natalia Rubio, Camille Bruner, Kennedy Albee, James Pemberton, Arianna Nelson
Mentor(s): Kristina Oldroyd
Institution UVU
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) serves as an established physiological index of autonomic nervous system function, reflecting the dynamic interplay between parasympathetic and sympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system. Higher resting RSA and more rapid recovery following stress are recognized markers of autonomic flexibility, which is associated with enhanced resilience to stress. This capacity for autonomic recovery plays a significant role in emotional and physiological regulation, as theorized in the broader scope of positive emotions and resilience. This study investigates the effects of a combined dance and fitness meditation practice on stress resilience, as indicated by measures of RSA. Participants had sustained engagement (2 years or more) in a structured dance and fitness meditation program. RSA was measured continuously throughout an experimental protocol using the Biopac MP160 psychophysiology system. Prior to beginning the experimental protocol which included both high and low stress tasks, baseline measurements were recorded. Participants were then taught 16 measures of a novel dance routine via video. Participants practiced the dance with the music three times with the video’s assistance. Finally, participants performed the dance independently (the high stress portion of the protocol). After the dance portion of the protocol, participants engaged in a five-minute guided meditation session (the low stress portion of the protocol). It is hypothesized that individuals with prolonged involvement in dance and fitness meditation will display elevated baseline RSA values and accelerated RSA recovery following stress exposure compared to their peers without the 2+ years prolonged involvement. These indicators suggest greater autonomic flexibility and heightened resilience to stress. This study advances current psychological literature in several ways. First, this study could expand the understanding of how integrated mind-body practices affect autonomic flexibility and stress resilience, offering more dynamic, accessible interventions. Second, current RSA and stress resilience research primarily focuses on short-term interventions or isolated practices (e.g., mindfulness, yoga). By examining individuals with long-term engagement in a combined movement and meditation practice, this study could provide important evidence on the sustained effects of such practices on autonomic function. This suggests that prolonged lifestyle practices, rather than short-term interventions, play a key role in mental health and resilience. Third, if dance and fitness meditation is shown to reliably improve RSA and resilience, it could broaden the toolkit available for preventive mental health care and stress management.