Tilisa Howell; David Aguilar-Alvarez (Weber State University)
Faculty Advisor: Aguilar-Alvarez, David (Moyes College of Education, Athletic Training & nutrition)
Abstract:
Background:
Recent studies show that water intake plays a major role in the development of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and kidney disease. The aim of this study was to determine if the percentage of total fluid intake from water influences Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and identify significant associations between water, dairy, soft drinks and juice consumption with MetS parameters in college students.
Methods:
We measured MetS parameters and collected diet records from 364 college students, ages 18-65 years. Participants were grouped by gender (Male: 112; Female: 252) and by percentage of total fluid consumption from water. Groups were defined as high (>70%) percentage of total fluid intake from water (HPW) and Low percentage (<30%) of total fluid intake from water (LPW). T-test was used to determine mean differences in MetS parameters between HPW and LPW, and Pearson correlations to determine associations between MetS and specific fluids.
Results:
HPW participants showed lower diastolic blood pressure when compared with their LPW counterparts (µ=78. 51±8. 28 vs µ=81. 2± 9. 28, p=0. 05). Men dairy fluid consumption was associated with increased fasting blood glucose (r=0. 242, p=0. 01. In women, Juice consumption was associated with increased LDL-Cholesterol (r= 0. 205, p=0. 02).
Conclusion:
Consuming non-water fluids showed negative effects on blood pressure. Contrary to previous studies, dairy fluid consumption in men was associated with increased blood glucose. It is possible that high-glycemic foods tied to dairy consumption modulate this association. Our results in women are consistent with previous studies were juice consumption increases triglyceride production and VLDL-Cholesterol.